Study of Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Coronary Artery Disease and Cerebrovascular Accident Patients

Metabolic syndrome is characterized by clustering of metabolic abnormalities which includes insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, central obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. This study was carried out to analyse the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its individual components in 200 patients, 100 each of coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Subjects attending the Medicine out-patient and in-patient departments of Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar were taken and data was analysed using the standard statistical methods (Chi-Square tests and „p value‟ for level of significance). It was observed that 58% of CAD and 46% of CVA patients had metabolic syndrome. Overall, 52% of total patients had this syndrome. This study concluded that metabolic syndrome patients are at an increased risk of CAD and CVA and calls for early identification of these individuals. Aggressive management of modifiable risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity can halt this epidemic and hence reduce the burden of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.